• Prep the apples. Core and chop the apples (no need to peel).
• Combine ingredients. Add the apples, water, sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, salt, and 1 tablespoon lemon juice to your pot of choice. Stir well to combine.

Cook the apples. Choose your preferred method:

• Instant Pot: Lock the lid and set to Manual / Pressure Cook (high pressure) for 15 minutes. Let the pressure release naturally for 10 minutes, then quick release any remaining steam.
• Crock-Pot: Cover and cook on Low for 8–10 hours, or High for 4–5 hours, until the apples are completely tender.
• Stovetop: Bring the mixture to a simmer over medium heat, then reduce to low. Cover partially and cook, stirring occasionally, for 1½ to 2 hours, until the apples are very soft and fragrant.
• Blend until smooth. Use an immersion blender right in the pot (or carefully transfer to a blender in batches) and purée until smooth.
• Thicken.
• Instant Pot: Switch to Sauté (low) and cook uncovered for 10–20 minutes, stirring often, until thick and glossy.
• Crock-Pot or Stovetop: Continue cooking uncovered, stirring occasionally, for 30–60 minutes, until the apple butter darkens and thickens to your desired consistency.
• Finish. Stir in vanilla (if using). Taste and adjust with more lemon juice or sugar if needed. Let cool slightly, then transfer to jars for storage.