Heat oil in a large saucepan or stockpot over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add onlon and saute for 5 minutes until translucent, stirring occasionally. Add garlic and continue sauteing for 2 minutes until fragrant. Add the beer (or broth), black beans, diced tomatoes and green chiles, chipotle in adobo, cumin, chili powder, oregano, and salt. Stir to combine.
Bring the soup to a boil, then reduce heat to medium-low and simmer for at least 10 minutes. Season with additional salt and pepper if needed. Serve warm, garnished with optional toppings.